ABSTRACT
The hyperacute stage of myocardial infarction refers to a period of time within 30 minutes after the occurrence of myocardial infarction, when the symptoms are not obvious and the diagnosis is difficult, and the related pathophysiological mechanism has received less attention. In this study, proteomics was used to investigate the pathological changes in the early hyperacute phase of myocardial infarction, aiming to provide experimental evidence for pathological mechanism of myocardial infarction hyperacute stage. Meanwhile, the intervention effect and related mechanism of salvianolate injection were discussed based on heat shock protein B6 (HSPB6), aiming to benefit the clinical rational use of salvianolate injection. The protein expression changes before and after myocardial infarction model establishment were detected by label-free proteomics via mass spectrometry and analyzed by bioinformatics method. Then the binding effect of salvianolate injection on the commonly differential protein HSPB6 was evaluated by molecular docking technology, which was finally verified by animal experiments. All animal experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiyuan Hosptial (2022XLC041). The results of this study showed that a total of 2 166 proteins were quantified by lable-free proteomics, of which 194 shared differential proteins were involved in myocardial injury and body regulation in the hyperacute phase of myocardial infarction, mainly involving molecular functions such as protein homodimerization activity, oxygen binding and transport, and serine endopeptidase inhibitor activity. Among them, HSPB6 protein is involved in the regulation of myocardial function. Molecular docking results indicated that magnesium salvianolate acetate, which is the main component of salvianolate injection, had the lowest binding energy with HSPB6 protein: -14.53 kcal·mol-1. Animal experiments showed that compared with the Sham group, the model group had significantly lower ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) (P < 0.001), cardiac blood perfusion decreased significantly (P < 0.001). There were obvious pathological changes such as myocardial fiber disorder, cardiomyocyte edema and interstitial small blood vessel congestion; the injury of cardiac function of rats in the administration group was attenuated, and the FS of rats in the low-dose group was significantly improved (P < 0.05), the pathological injury of myocardial tissue was markedly mitigated, and the expression of HSPB6 protein was up-regulated to varying degrees (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). In conclusion, salvianolate injection could be able to improve the cardiac function and pathological morphology of rats in the early hyperacute stage of myocardial infarction, and its mechanism may be related to the promotion of expression of HSPB6.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effect of combination therapy with salvianolate injection (SAFI) and aspirin on anti-platelet aggregation and blood coagulation function, provide the experimental evidence for clinical consequence use of combination therapy with traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. METHODS: The bleeding time was measured by cutting tail evaluating of combination of drugs; platelet maximum aggregation rate induced by ADP, AA, collagen and thrombin in rats was determined by absorbance method using a microplate reader; blood coagulation of the four indicators were measured by the semiautomatic blood agglutination instrument. RESULTS: SAFI had nearly no effects on aspirin group's bleeding time. The effect on blood platelets aggregation compared with control group, SAFI group and aspirin group could significantly reduce platelet aggregation induced by ADP, AA, collagen and thrombin in normal rats(P<0.01). Combinative group could significantly increase aspirin group's anti-platelet aggregation induced by ADP, AA, collagen and thrombin in normal rats(P<0.01, P<0.05). Coagulation function SAFI can reduced aspirin group's TT after the combination therapy. CONCLUSION: SAFI can increase anticoagulation effect of aspirin, and have no effect on aspirin's bleeding risk.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the role of salvianolate in the treatment of inflammation of intestinal mucosa by colitis mice model.Methods A total of 60 C57BL/6J mice were divided into acute control group,acute model group,acute interventional group,chronic control group,chronic model group and chronic interventional group with 10 mice in each group.Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was used to establish the model.Meanwhile,the mice of interventional group received salvianolate peritoneal injection during modeling.The expression levels of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3),apoptosis-assoeiated speck-like protein containing CARD (ACS) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (caspase-1) were detected.And the absorbances of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in mice serum were determined.Kruskal Wallis single factor analysis of variance,single factor analysis of variance,Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) method and least-significant difference method were performed for statistical analysis.Results The expressions of NLRP3 at protein level of acute control group,acute model group,acute interventional group,chronic control group,chronic model group and chronic interventional group were 9 965.20 (196.81),16 703.38 (291.21),13 423.74 (209.28),10 112.01 (183.55),16 247.90 (505.44) and 12 674.95 (229.32),respectively.The expressions of NLRP3 of acute and chronic interventional group were both lower than those of acute and chronic model group,and the differences were statistically significant (both x2 =15.158,P＜0.01).The expressions of ACS at protein level were 9 744.09-±-546.58,16 555.44 ± 407.80,12 568.21±586.49,10066.32±435.63,14 911.73±384.51 and 13 751.37±322.30,respectively.The expressions of caspase-1 at protein level were 5 300.40±843.14,15 478.98± 174.09,10 587.46±821.60,5 517.28±876.16,13 164.01 ±416.47 and 8 856.27 ± 545.01,respectively.The expressions of ACS and caspase-1 of acute and chronic interventional groups were both lower than those of model groups,and the differences were statistically significant (F=260.56,329.36,240.38 and 236.26,all P＜0.01).The serum levels of SOD were (282.08±28.24),(221.87±5.81),(231.45±1.84),(267.08±43.63),(237.09±34.09) and (257.78 ± 4.68) U/mL,respectively.There was no significant difference between acute model group and acute interventional group (P＞0.05).SOD level of chronic interventional group was higher than that of model group,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.65,P =0.021).The serum levels of MDAwere (1.31±0.40),(6.95±1.57),(2.98±1.41),(1.21±0.16),(9.38±3.73)and (3.74±0.81) nmol/L,respectively.MDA levels of acute and chronic interventional groups were lower than those of acute and chronic model groups,and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.88 and 4.02,both P＜0.01).Conclusion Salvianolate may alleviate oxidative stress response by adjusting the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome which takes part in reducing intestinal inflammation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the role of salvianolate in the treatment of inflammation of intestinal mucosa by colitis mice model.Methods A total of 60 C57BL/6J mice were divided into acute control group,acute model group,acute interventional group,chronic control group,chronic model group and chronic interventional group with 10 mice in each group.Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was used to establish the model.Meanwhile,the mice of interventional group received salvianolate peritoneal injection during modeling.The expression levels of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3),apoptosis-assoeiated speck-like protein containing CARD (ACS) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (caspase-1) were detected.And the absorbances of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in mice serum were determined.Kruskal Wallis single factor analysis of variance,single factor analysis of variance,Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) method and least-significant difference method were performed for statistical analysis.Results The expressions of NLRP3 at protein level of acute control group,acute model group,acute interventional group,chronic control group,chronic model group and chronic interventional group were 9 965.20 (196.81),16 703.38 (291.21),13 423.74 (209.28),10 112.01 (183.55),16 247.90 (505.44) and 12 674.95 (229.32),respectively.The expressions of NLRP3 of acute and chronic interventional group were both lower than those of acute and chronic model group,and the differences were statistically significant (both x2 =15.158,P＜0.01).The expressions of ACS at protein level were 9 744.09-±-546.58,16 555.44 ± 407.80,12 568.21±586.49,10066.32±435.63,14 911.73±384.51 and 13 751.37±322.30,respectively.The expressions of caspase-1 at protein level were 5 300.40±843.14,15 478.98± 174.09,10 587.46±821.60,5 517.28±876.16,13 164.01 ±416.47 and 8 856.27 ± 545.01,respectively.The expressions of ACS and caspase-1 of acute and chronic interventional groups were both lower than those of model groups,and the differences were statistically significant (F=260.56,329.36,240.38 and 236.26,all P＜0.01).The serum levels of SOD were (282.08±28.24),(221.87±5.81),(231.45±1.84),(267.08±43.63),(237.09±34.09) and (257.78 ± 4.68) U/mL,respectively.There was no significant difference between acute model group and acute interventional group (P＞0.05).SOD level of chronic interventional group was higher than that of model group,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.65,P =0.021).The serum levels of MDAwere (1.31±0.40),(6.95±1.57),(2.98±1.41),(1.21±0.16),(9.38±3.73)and (3.74±0.81) nmol/L,respectively.MDA levels of acute and chronic interventional groups were lower than those of acute and chronic model groups,and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.88 and 4.02,both P＜0.01).Conclusion Salvianolate may alleviate oxidative stress response by adjusting the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome which takes part in reducing intestinal inflammation.
ABSTRACT
To systematically evaluate the safety of salvianolate injection in clinical medication. A systematic literature search was performed in the databases of Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, the Web of Science, Clinical Trials, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM. Literature screening was done according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and quality was assessed according to internationally recognized quality evaluation criteria. Then the data were reviewed for analysis. 148 papers were included, consisting of 122 randomized controlled trials(RCTs), 10 non-randomized controlled trials(NRCTs), 4 case series studies, and 12 case reports. In the analysis of 135 studies, totally 7 300 patients used salvianolate injection. There were a total of 419 adverse drug reactions(ADRs), and 12 cases of serious adverse drug reactions. In the patients with Salvianolate injection, there were 176 cases of adverse drug reactions(ADRs) and 1 case of adverse cardiac event. The ADRs included 17 cases of rash, 9 cases of gastrointestinal reaction, 38 cases of headache, dizziness, heaviness in head, 1 case each of drug fever, hypotension, bleeding gums, chills, lip numbness, body jitter, slightly elevated ALT, 3 cases of palpitation, 4 cases of breath shortness, and 25 cases of other unkonwn ADRs. In the present study, a large number of rare, serious adverse events were not seen in clinical application of Salvianolate injection, but future long-term monitoring is needed to obtain evidence for the safety of the drug. In addition, the clinical application of Salvianolate injection is seriously beyond the instruction, so relevant departments shall urgently develop the medication specifications for salvianolate injection to provide better guidance for its clinical medication.
ABSTRACT
Biomolecular network analysis was used to predict the mechanism of Salvianolate injection combined with aspirin for the treatment of stable angina pectoris(SAP). Related genes of Salvianolate injection, aspirin and SAP were obtained from Genecards, STITCH and DisGeNET databases. Agilent literature search software was used to construct biomolecular network; modules were identified by AP, MCODE and MCL methods. DAVID software was used for identification of related KEGG pathways. Results showed that Salvianolate injection and aspirin had a coverage rate of 45.92%, 62.56% respectively for SAP molecular network, and the coverage rate was 71.64% in combined use. The top 10 important nodes of SAP overlapped with Salvianolate injection and aspirin included MAPK14, MAPK8, IL-6 and IL-8. The important SAP nodes overlapped with Salvianolate injection alone included AKT1 and IFNG, and the important SAP nodes overlapped with aspirin included EPHB2 and TP53. Related SAP signaling pathways with combined Salvianolate injection and aspirin included Jak-STAT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Related SAP signaling pathways with Salvianolate injection alone included VEGF signaling pathway and type 1 diabetes signaling pathway. Related SAP signaling pathways with aspirin alone included AA metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism signaling pathway, etc. The results showed that Salvianolate injection and aspirin combination had an enhancement effect in treatment of SAP through anti-inflammatory reaction and inhibition of atherosclerosis development; in addition, the combination use may have an additive effect through the antiplatelet aggregation, protecting endothelial cells, regulating blood lipid and regulating glucose metabolism.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the use of salvianolate injection for inpatients in our hospital; To primarily evaluate its rationality and security in clinic.Methods Medical records using the salvianolate injection from December 2013 to March 2014 were surveyed statistically and analyzed in respect of patient gender and age, department, disease diagnosis, usage and dosage, solvent types, treatment course, medicine combination, occurence of ADR, etc.Results Totally 600 cases of inpatients receiving salvianolate injection were collected, about 69.33% consistent with the indication, 67.00% with a correct single dosage, and 52.50% with a correct treatment course. In the clinical application of salvianolate injection, a high rate of unreasonable usage was found in indication, single dosage, treatment course and medicine combination.ConclusionBecause the problems still existed in the use of salvianolate injection, it should be used strictly according to the medicine instructions and General Principles for Clinical Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection to ensure clinical medication safety.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of salvianolate injection combined with pemetrexed and carboplatin in the treatment of elderly patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods 58 elderly patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer in primary treatment were diagnosed by histopathology or cytology confirmation,and they were randomly divided into two groups (29 patients for control group and 29 patients for observation group).The control group was subjected to pemetrexed plus carboplatin chemotherapy,while the observation group was subjected to salvianolate injection based on the treatment of the control group by intravenous drip for 14 days,once a day,200 mg per day,and 21 days was a cycle.The changes of the efficacy,quality of life,the incidence of adverse reactions and the coagulation indicators in the patients of the two groups were compared after 4 cycles.Results The response rates and disease control rates in observation group were 44.8 ％ (13/29),86.2 ％ (25/29) and 37.9 ％ (11/29),75.8 ％ (22/29).It was found that the comparison of efficacy between the two groups did not make any statistical differences (P ＞ 0.05).The improvement of the quality of life in the observation group [82.7 ％ (24/29)] was better than that of the control group [65.5 ％ (19/29)] (P ＜ 0.05).The hematologic toxicity and gastrointestinal reaction rate in the observation group was lower compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the improvement of the hypercoagulable states in the observation group was better than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The treatment on elderly patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer by salvianolate injection combined with pemetrexed and carboplatin can reduce the adverse effects caused by chemotherapy,improve the quality of life and the hypercoagulable states.Thereby it might prevent the occurrence of thromboembolic complications.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in treatment of patients with angina pectoris. Methods 120 cases with angina pectoris admitted in the Fourth Hospital of Baotou City from May 2012 to August 2013 were randomly divided into treatment group (n=60)and control group (n=60). All patients were given secondary prevention of coronary heart disease,and besides this, treatment group were added nitrates medications and traditional Chinese medicine treatment,while control group were only given nitrates medications.The treatment course was 14 days. The efficacy of angina pectoris,nitroglycerin loss rate and electrocardiogram efficacy were compared and the safety were evaluated between two groups. Results The efficacy of angina pectoris in treatment group was 90.00%,while control group was 71.67%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05 ). ECG efficiency in treatment group was 68.33%,while control group was 48.33%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05 ). The reduction of nitroglycerin was 86.67%,while control group was 61.67%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In addition,there were no adverse reaction in two groups. Conclusion Compared with nitrates medications,combined Chinese and Western medicine in treatment of patients with angina pectoris on basis of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease has better therapeutically effective rate.